TDM of drugs used in cardiovascular disease, Seizure disorders, Psychiatric conditions, and Organ transplantations.

CLINICAL PHARMACOKINETICS & PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING

UNIT-4

Therapeutic Drug monitoring: 

TDM of drugs used in the following disease conditions: cardiovascular disease, Seizure disorders, Psychiatric conditions, and Organ transplantations.

 

Get the notes below!

Concentration of a therapeutic drug is measured in the serum or plasma.

 Whole blood concentration of immunosuppressant drugs such as

cyclosporine and tacrolimus is usually measured for therapeutic drug

monitoring.

 Obtaining blood for measurement of a drug during the absorption or the

distribution phase may lead to misleading information.

 To measure the peak concentration of a drug, timing of the sample will

depend on the route of administration.

 After intravenous administration, the peak concentration of a drug may be

achieved in a few minutes. On the contrary, for a sustained release tablet,

the mean time to reach the peak plasma

 concentration will be more.

 The trough concentration is clinically defined as the serum drug

concentration just before the next dose. Usually, trough concentrations

are monitored for most drugs, but for aminoglycosides and

 vancomycin, both peak and trough concentrations are monitored.

 For a meaningful interpretation of a serum drug concentration, time of

specimen collection should be noted along with the time and date of the

last dose and route of administration of the drug.

 This is particularly important for aminoglycoside because without

knowing the time of specimen collection, the serum drug concentration

cannot be interpreted.

TDM OF DIGOXIN, 

TDM OFVALPROIC ACID, 

TDM OF CYCLOSPORIN, 

TDM OF LITHIUM