ASSESSMENT AND CLASSIFICATION OF DYSPHASIA
Edited by, JASPER VICTORIA
Dysphasia is the impairment of language and speech associated with brain damage.
ASSESSMENT OF DYPHASIA:
The patients are assessed for fluency, grammar and meaningfulness in speech. If they are proper, dysphasia is unlikely to occur.
Ask the patient to follow several-step commands to check their comprehension.
Their ability for repetition might be evaluated by asking them to repeat the same sentence again and again.
Their capability to name things should also be looked on to.
Reading and writing skills are also observed. If they could read and write properly, they are not aphasic then, as the reading and writing skills are also impaired in dysphasia.
CLASSIFICATION OF DYSPHASIA:
BROCA'S ANTERIOR DYSPHASIA
It is also known as expressive dysphasia. The speech is non-fluent consisting of malformed words with efforts and anxiety. Comprehension is intact. Reading and writing are affected. The patients are able to understand questions and try to give relevant answers. The infero-lateral dominant frontal lobe might be the site of damage.
WERNICKE'S POSTERIOR DYSPHASIA
It is also known as receptive dysphasia. The speech may be empty, fluent, rhythmic and melodious with new words or unusual phonation of the existing vocabulary. It is often misinterpreted as the speech associated with psychosis. The patients do not give meaningful response as their reading, writing and comprehensive skills are also impaired along. Posterior superior dominant temporal lobe may be the area of damage correspondingly.
CONDUCTION DYSPHASIA
Fluency and comprehension are less and repetition is impaired due to the interruption of conduction between broca's area and wernicke's area.
NOMINAL DYSPHASIA
The speech other than naming of objects are observed to be normal and the area of damage may be the posterior dominant tempero-parietal area.
MIXED DYSPHASIAS
They are the most common and emerge long after an acute brain injury.
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