MENSTRUAL CRAMPS

Edited by, SNEHA MAVIS

Dysmenorrhea (menstrual cramps) are throbbing or cramping symptoms in the lower abdomen. Menstrual cramps affect many women shortly before and throughout their menstrual periods. They may begin strong and improve as the hours pass, or they may appear and disappear at random. Cramps can be scarcely apparent, or they can be quiet painful and severe. One out of every ten people experiences pain that interferes with daily activities for one or three days.

What causes menstrual cramps?

Menstrual cramps are more likely caused by an overabundance of prostaglandins, which are hormone like compounds released by the endometrium as it prepares to shed. Prostaglandins aid in the contraction and relaxation of the uterus, allowing the endometrium to detach and flow out of the body. They are a necessary part of the process, but when they are in excess, the uterus contracts strongly, blood flow is reduced, and the supply of oxygen to the uterus muscle tissue is reduced, resulting in pain. Menstrual cramps can be caused by conditions such as Uterine fibroids, ovarian cysts, pelvic inflammatory diseases, endometriosis, adenomyosis.

Methods to relieve cramps:

Medication for period cramps:

Period pain can be effectively relieved with anti inflammatory pain relievers. Ibuprofen and other NSAIDS (non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs) inhibit the production of prostaglandins and inflammation. Other types of Over-the-counter pain relievers may alleviate pain, but they are less effective in treating menstrual cramps. To relieve and prevent menstrual cramps, some people may choose to use hormonal contraceptives such as the pill or a hormonal IUD.

Apply heat:

A small amount of heat can help your muscle relax, improve blood flow and relieve tension. It's cheap and has no side effects.

Drink more water:

Water can help reduce bloating and pain during this period. Drinking hot water can also increase blood flow throughout the body and relax muscles.

Consume herbal teas:

Herbal teas contain anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic compounds that can reduce uterine muscle spasms that can cause cramping. Menstrual cramps can be relieved naturally by drinking chamomile, fennel or ginger tea.

Cut down sugar intake:

Sugar, trans fat and salt rich foods can cause bloating and inflammation, exacerbating muscle pain and cramping.

Avoid caffeine:

Caffeine causes the blood vessels to constrict. This can cause the uterus to constrict, making cramps more painful.

Exercise:

Gentle exercise releases endorphins, which makes people feel good, relax and lessen the discomfort. It may only take 15 minutes of yoga, light stretching, or strolling to feel better.

Dietary supplements of cramps:

Vitamin D aids in calcium absorption and inflammation reduction. Omega-3, vitamin E, and magnesium are among the vitamins that can help reduce inflammation and perhaps make periods less uncomfortable.